Analytical ferrography reports typically include a photomicrograph of the debris found, along with specific descriptions of the particles in their suspected cause. This solution is then gravity flowed through a glass tube that is nestled over a strong magnet at a slight upward angle to the flow direction. Iso 11171 hydraulic fluid power calibration of automatic particle counters for liquids. Ferrography particles, the analytical ferrography instrument which is extracted through strong magnetic separation technology will deposit orderly on a ferrogram. This allows for a more detailed report that similar methods cannot produce. This is a new method introduced to collect the wear debris using an electromagnet. Predictive maintenance by ferrography sciencedirect. This fact was confirmed by conventional analytical ferrography shown in figure 8. An introduction to ferrography f e rr o g r a p h y w h a t is it a l l a b o u t. Analytical ferrography can predict potential equipment failures and is an effective tool in determining the root cause of machine component failure.
Analytical ferrography methods, benefits and applications. With industrial needs for reliability and higher productivity to compete in the world market, techniques such as wear particle analysis become vital in making diagnostic and specific recommendations regarding potential machine problems. Over emphasizing the value of screening or basic elemental analysis techniques routinely results in missed expectations and increased costs. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. The value of analytical ferrography as a critical exploratory.
Analytical ferrography reveals both the wear modes present as well as the alloy compositions of the wear particles present. Results from direct reading ferrography indicate the rate, intensity and severity of wear with. Dalley a ferrographics analysis of wear particles starts with the magnetic separation of machine wear debris from the lubricating, grease, or hydraulic media in which it becomes suspended. Analytical ferrography analytical ferrography uses a high gradient magnetic. A clear picture is given of the components that are wearing in the system. Additionally, for the qualitative approach that is analytical ferrography, experts are needed to make sense of the raw output. Ferrography actually consists of two different procedures. Diluted sample oil falling down through thistle under its own weight. Wear particle identification is a critical aspect of oil analysis. When implemented correctly it is an excellent tool when attempting to diagnose an active wear problem. Ferrography is a technique for analyzing the particles present in fluids that indicate mechanical wear. The particles contained in the lubricant carry detailed and important information about the condition of the machine.
Often analytical ferrography identifies catastrophic wear modes, when typical ppm wear metal does not show any sign of the wear condition. Oil sample testing technology is according to regularly monitor the lube oil or motor oils physical, and chemical performance, wear metal and contaminant particles. This article is based on a webinar originally presented by stle university on nov. Further analytical ferrography and edx are carried out for ferrogram making and microscopic analysis to check the composition and morphology of wear particles. Lasernet fines a new tool for the oil analysis toolbox. While most maintenance managers are familiar with the general concept of oil analysis, ferrography is oftentimes less understood. A small representative portion of the lubricant, usually 1. Pdf a contact fatigue phenomenon is most common failure seen in the structural components, which are under highcyclic fatigue loads.
Mar 23, 2017 the original analytical ferrograph used a strong magnetic field gradient to separate wear particles from the used oil sample for subsequent microscope examination. D7690112017 standard practice for microscopic characterization of particles from inservice lubricants by analytical ferrography oil contaminants analytical ferrography wear membrane filtration hydraulic oils used lubricating oils. Analytical ferrography fanpro fluid analysis program. Analytical ferrography is a qualitative ap proach used to stu dy wear trend, shape and size of w ear particles using dual slide ferrogra m maker and bichromatic microscope. The forensic science of oil analysis utilizing analytical ferrography to diagnose wear conditions and prevent machine failure. D7690 practice for microscopic characterization of particles from inservice lubricants by analytical ferrography.
Analytical ferrography wear particle analysis techniques selecting the correct technique to meet maintenance goals is critical. Ferrography is the study of ferrous metal wear, and comes from the latin word ferrum, which translates to iron. Analytical ferrography is the best method for determining severity and type of wear present with no particle size or metallurgy limitations. This information may be deduced from particle shape, composition, size distribution, and concentration. May 09, 2014 testoil is a full service oil testing laboratory owned by insight services. Today, analytical ferrography is one of the most powerful diagnostic tools in oil analysis. Without it, youre blind to the complete machine health assessment. Ferrography stands out among oil analysis methods because of the magnetic element involved. This is a technique in use since 1970, it provides microscopic examination and analysis of debris particles found in lubricating oils. An overview of ferrography and its use in maintenance raymond j. This test is particularly useful for gearbox and reciprocating equipment samples. Sgs ogc spectrochemical analysis and ferrography flyer en 16 2. Analytical ferrography the forensic science of oil analysis. Ferrography provides early detection of abnormal wear of the lubricated critical internal components of mechanical systems.
The dualferrograph analyzer prepares the ferrogram slides for analysis through the ferroscope iii microscope 2,3. Astm d7690 112017 standard practice for microscopic. Wear particle analysis is a powerful technique for nonintrusive examination of oilwetted parts of a machine. This magnetically separates wear particles and optically measures the quantity of large and small particles present in the oil sample see figure 1. Feb 24, 2006 read applying analytical ferrography as a technique to detect failures in diesel engine fuel injection systems, wear on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Ferrography is a means of microscopic examination used to analyze particles separated from. Usually, 1 ml of sample is mixed one to one with a diluent. Analytical ferrography is among the most powerful diagnostic tools in oil analysis today. Utilizing analytical ferrography for root cause analysis and.
Oil analysis equipment, oil sample testing, oil sensor. Astmd7690 standard practice for microscopic characterization of particles from inservice lubricants by analytical ferrography contaminant particles. The ferroscope fs6 analytical ferrography optical microscope is specially assembled by trico with attachments and options that enhance particle identification and interpretation. Free analytical ferrography at testoil, analytical ferrography is automatically performed on all abnormal machine conditions.
Nov 26, 2018 ferrography is the study of ferrous metal wear, and comes from the latin word ferrum, which translates to iron. Standard practice for microscopic characterization of particles from inservice lubricants by analytical ferrography this practice covers the identification by optical microscopy of wear and contaminant particles commonly found in used lubricant and hydraulic oil samples that have been deposited on ferrograms. It has been in use since 1970, and provides microscopic examination and analysis of debris particles found in lubricating oils. Wear particle analysis, or ferrography, is a technique that is growing every day. Vibe institute piedmont chapter 2008 workshop presentation. Spectrometric oil analysis of this sample also showed a high level of wear metals including aluminum, copper and silicon. Yjf3 thistle tube oil analytical ferrography adopted thistle liquid lines for sample oil transfer. Direct read ferrography mrt laboratories machine fluid. On the lower right is an image of the spectro scientific thistle tube ferrography lab including. A variety of options are available for analyzing wear debris, but one powerful technique that frequently gets ignored is analytical ferrography. This report is on a separate second page and includes micro photographs.
Standard guide for microscopic characterization of particles. Pdf prognostic approach for ferrographic analysis of gear box. Analytical ferrography the microscopic analysis of wear particles to determine the mechanisms of wear taking place. Therefore, with the enhancements and the standardization of ferrography, diagnosing machine problems becomes easier and less expensive. Scott national engineering laboratory, east kilbride, glasgow gt. This is where value is gained from studying an oil sample under a microscope using methods such as analytical ferrography with preparation of a ferrogram, patch ferrography with preparation of a filtergram, optical imaging methods and scanning electron microscopy sem. However, before conducting this type of oil analysis test, there are essential steps. Analytical ferrography is a qualitative, rather than quantitative analysis that provides digital imagery of the actual particles present. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. The majority of large particles are identified by lnf and quantified in the wear summary as severe sliding and fatigue particles. Oil analysis often called an oil testing, oil analysis monitoring. Pdf ferrography a procedure for measuring wear rate. Received april 1, 1977 summary ferrography is a technique by which wear debris and contaminant particles are separated.